{"componentChunkName":"component---src-gatsby-entities-reflection-tsx","path":"/perspectives/nature-as-infrastructure-rethinking-the-foundation-of-economic-prosperity-villars-rapporteur-report","result":{"data":{"platform":{"reflection":{"id":"6a3a86efd246782032b7bfb7","slug":"nature-as-infrastructure-rethinking-the-foundation-of-economic-prosperity-villars-rapporteur-report","path":"/perspectives/nature-as-infrastructure-rethinking-the-foundation-of-economic-prosperity-villars-rapporteur-report","name":"Nature as Infrastructure: Rethinking the Foundation of Economic Prosperity : Villars Rapporteur Report","name_fr":null,"title":null,"title_fr":null,"pretitle":null,"pretitle_fr":null,"subtitle":null,"subtitle_fr":null,"published":"2026-06-23T13:18:15.97","edited":null,"content":{"plain":"Ideas from the speakers\nThe plenary session focused on the idea of “nature as infrastructure”, noting that 55% of global GDP is moderately to highly dependent on nature. This concept was presented as a way to shift the narrative and drive systemic change through regulation and capital markets, ultimately helping to rethink the foundations of economic prosperity. The discussion contextualised “nature as infrastructure” through several different perspectives to highlight its relevance.\nFrom a resilience perspective, nature-based solutions are often not considered infrastructure. As floods and other disasters become more frequent, public attention tends to focus on insurance and protection through more conventional forms of infrastructure. However, participants argued that nature-based solutions should also be recognised as infrastructure, particularly when they fulfil the same functions as many engineered protection strategies. For example, mangroves can provide flood mitigation in much the same way as seawalls, while also regenerating naturally and requiring far less maintenance. This was presented as one of many examples where nature can serve as infrastructure and, in some cases, already does. From the perspective of collections and data, museum collections can reveal biodiversity loss while also demonstrating areas where conservation efforts have been successful. Physical collections can be digitised and developed into infrastructure products that support both research and public understanding. Access to such data was presented as a form of information infrastructure and an example of nature functioning as infrastructure.\nFrom a capital markets perspective, assigning a monetary value to nature can help communicate its importance in terms familiar to investors and financial institutions. Focusing on risk illustrates why nature and biodiversity should be viewed as infrastructure. For example, wheat accounts for approximately 20% of global food consumption, yet only 19 varieties are commercially cultivated. This creates significant risk, including the possibility of widespread crop failure, with cascading impacts such as inflation and instability in financial markets. The discussion highlighted how the genetic diversity of crops, alongside ecosystem services such as pollination provided by bees, functions as critical infrastructure for resilience. From a social benefits perspective, nature contributes significantly to physical and mental wellbeing. As more than half of the global population now lives in urban environments, access to nature in cities is becoming increasingly important. Participants highlighted the National Education Nature Park programme in England, which has engaged more than 7,500 schools in nature-based activities. Data collected through the programme suggests improvements in school attendance, illustrating the educational, scientific, physical and mental health benefits that nature can provide.\nThe discussion concluded by recognising the importance of stabilising carbon dioxide levels in efforts to address climate change and conserve nature. However, participants argued that these goals ultimately depend on protecting nature itself, reinforcing the central idea that nature should be recognised as essential infrastructure.\nInsights from the audience\nDuring the discussion, participants raised questions and reflections on how the concept of nature as infrastructure could be translated into practice. One concern focused on the inclusion of people who are directly affected by actions taken to drive systemic change. It was suggested that local communities must be actively listened to and involved in decision-making processes. Their close relationship with local ecosystems was seen as a valuable source of knowledge, and participants argued that achieving a broader shift in mental models requires recognising the cultural dimensions of environmental stewardship.\nAnother discussion focused on the types of regulation needed to encourage collaboration between governments and markets while fostering innovation. The “30 by 30” framework, which aims to protect 30% of the Earth's land and ocean area by 2030, was discussed as one example of how policy can help incentivise action. Participants suggested that highlighting the costs of inaction could encourage businesses to recognise nature as critical infrastructure worthy of protection.\nMore broadly, there was agreement that effective regulation can support innovation by providing clear parameters and reducing uncertainty. To successfully shift the narrative towards recognising nature as infrastructure, participants emphasised the importance of communicating in ways that resonate with decision-makers. This requires understanding the priorities, incentives and language of different audiences, ensuring that the value of nature can be understood not only in environmental terms but also in economic, social and strategic ones.\n","text":"# Ideas from the speakers\n\nThe plenary session focused on the idea of “nature as infrastructure”, noting that 55% of global GDP is moderately to highly dependent on nature. This concept was presented as a way to shift the narrative and drive systemic change through regulation and capital markets, ultimately helping to rethink the foundations of economic prosperity. The discussion contextualised “nature as infrastructure” through several different perspectives to highlight its relevance.\n\nFrom a resilience perspective, nature-based solutions are often not considered infrastructure. As floods and other disasters become more frequent, public attention tends to focus on insurance and protection through more conventional forms of infrastructure. However, participants argued that nature-based solutions should also be recognised as infrastructure, particularly when they fulfil the same functions as many engineered protection strategies. For example, mangroves can provide flood mitigation in much the same way as seawalls, while also regenerating naturally and requiring far less maintenance. This was presented as one of many examples where nature can serve as infrastructure and, in some cases, already does. From the perspective of collections and data, museum collections can reveal biodiversity loss while also demonstrating areas where conservation efforts have been successful. Physical collections can be digitised and developed into infrastructure products that support both research and public understanding. Access to such data was presented as a form of information infrastructure and an example of nature functioning as infrastructure.\n\nFrom a capital markets perspective, assigning a monetary value to nature can help communicate its importance in terms familiar to investors and financial institutions. Focusing on risk illustrates why nature and biodiversity should be viewed as infrastructure. For example, wheat accounts for approximately 20% of global food consumption, yet only 19 varieties are commercially cultivated. This creates significant risk, including the possibility of widespread crop failure, with cascading impacts such as inflation and instability in financial markets. The discussion highlighted how the genetic diversity of crops, alongside ecosystem services such as pollination provided by bees, functions as critical infrastructure for resilience. From a social benefits perspective, nature contributes significantly to physical and mental wellbeing. As more than half of the global population now lives in urban environments, access to nature in cities is becoming increasingly important. Participants highlighted the National Education Nature Park programme in England, which has engaged more than 7,500 schools in nature-based activities. Data collected through the programme suggests improvements in school attendance, illustrating the educational, scientific, physical and mental health benefits that nature can provide.\n\nThe discussion concluded by recognising the importance of stabilising carbon dioxide levels in efforts to address climate change and conserve nature. However, participants argued that these goals ultimately depend on protecting nature itself, reinforcing the central idea that nature should be recognised as essential infrastructure.\n\n# Insights from the audience\nDuring the discussion, participants raised questions and reflections on how the concept of nature as infrastructure could be translated into practice. One concern focused on the inclusion of people who are directly affected by actions taken to drive systemic change. It was suggested that local communities must be actively listened to and involved in decision-making processes. Their close relationship with local ecosystems was seen as a valuable source of knowledge, and participants argued that achieving a broader shift in mental models requires recognising the cultural dimensions of environmental stewardship.\n\nAnother discussion focused on the types of regulation needed to encourage collaboration between governments and markets while fostering innovation. The “30 by 30” framework, which aims to protect 30% of the Earth's land and ocean area by 2030, was discussed as one example of how policy can help incentivise action. Participants suggested that highlighting the costs of inaction could encourage businesses to recognise nature as critical infrastructure worthy of protection.\n\nMore broadly, there was agreement that effective regulation can support innovation by providing clear parameters and reducing uncertainty. To successfully shift the narrative towards recognising nature as infrastructure, participants emphasised the importance of communicating in ways that resonate with decision-makers. This requires understanding the priorities, incentives and language of different audiences, ensuring that the value of nature can be understood not only in environmental terms but also in economic, social and strategic ones."},"content_fr":{"plain":"","text":""},"openGraph":{"title":null,"description":{"plain":"Ideas from the speakers\nThe plenary session focused on the idea of “nature as infrastructure”, noting that 55% of global GDP is moderately to highly dependent on nature. This concept was presented as a way to shift the narrative and drive systemic change through regulation and capital markets, ultimately helping to rethink the foundations of economic prosperity. The discussion contextualised “nature as infrastructure” through several different perspectives to highlight its relevance.\nFrom a resilience perspective, nature-based solutions are often not considered infrastructure. As floods and other disasters become more frequent, public attention tends to focus on insurance and protection through more conventional forms of infrastructure. However, participants argued that nature-based solutions should also be recognised as infrastructure, particularly when they fulfil the same functions as many engineered protection strategies. For example, mangroves can provide flood mitigation in much the same way as seawalls, while also regenerating naturally and requiring far less maintenance. This was presented as one of many examples where nature can serve as infrastructure and, in some cases, already does. From the perspective of collections and data, museum collections can reveal biodiversity loss while also demonstrating areas where conservation efforts have been successful. Physical collections can be digitised and developed into infrastructure products that support both research and public understanding. Access to such data was presented as a form of information infrastructure and an example of nature functioning as infrastructure.\nFrom a capital markets perspective, assigning a monetary value to nature can help communicate its importance in terms familiar to investors and financial institutions. Focusing on risk illustrates why nature and biodiversity should be viewed as infrastructure. For example, wheat accounts for approximately 20% of global food consumption, yet only 19 varieties are commercially cultivated. This creates significant risk, including the possibility of widespread crop failure, with cascading impacts such as inflation and instability in financial markets. The discussion highlighted how the genetic diversity of crops, alongside ecosystem services such as pollination provided by bees, functions as critical infrastructure for resilience. From a social benefits perspective, nature contributes significantly to physical and mental wellbeing. As more than half of the global population now lives in urban environments, access to nature in cities is becoming increasingly important. Participants highlighted the National Education Nature Park programme in England, which has engaged more than 7,500 schools in nature-based activities. Data collected through the programme suggests improvements in school attendance, illustrating the educational, scientific, physical and mental health benefits that nature can provide.\nThe discussion concluded by recognising the importance of stabilising carbon dioxide levels in efforts to address climate change and conserve nature. However, participants argued that these goals ultimately depend on protecting nature itself, reinforcing the central idea that nature should be recognised as essential infrastructure.\nInsights from the audience\nDuring the discussion, participants raised questions and reflections on how the concept of nature as infrastructure could be translated into practice. One concern focused on the inclusion of people who are directly affected by actions taken to drive systemic change. It was suggested that local communities must be actively listened to and involved in decision-making processes. Their close relationship with local ecosystems was seen as a valuable source of knowledge, and participants argued that achieving a broader shift in mental models requires recognising the cultural dimensions of environmental stewardship.\nAnother discussion focused on the types of regulation needed to encourage collaboration between governments and markets while fostering innovation. The “30 by 30” framework, which aims to protect 30% of the Earth's land and ocean area by 2030, was discussed as one example of how policy can help incentivise action. Participants suggested that highlighting the costs of inaction could encourage businesses to recognise nature as critical infrastructure worthy of protection.\nMore broadly, there was agreement that effective regulation can support innovation by providing clear parameters and reducing uncertainty. To successfully shift the narrative towards recognising nature as infrastructure, participants emphasised the importance of communicating in ways that resonate with decision-makers. This requires understanding the priorities, incentives and language of different audiences, ensuring that the value of nature can be understood not only in environmental terms but also in economic, social and strategic ones.\n"},"image":{"url2x":null,"thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1782220679/villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1782220679/villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s.png"},"mainBanner":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_1440/v1782220679/villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_2880/v1782220679/villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s.png"}}}},"challenge":{"icon":{"id":"684a2dda2dd10058219bebd6","name":"Nature Positive","component":"NaturePositiveIcon"},"color":{"id":"65d5479fd5bcca2bcbc9db4a","name":"Bottle Green","value":"#4A7D49"},"id":"65d54797d5bcca2bcbc9d99d","name":"Nature Positive","slug":"nature-positive","typeLabel":"Theme","badge":null,"path":"/themes/nature-positive","updated":"2026-02-10T10:54:45.03","__typename":"Platform_Challenge","_schema":{"label":"Theme","pluralLabel":"Themes"},"openGraph":{"id":"openGraph_challenge/nature-positive","title":"Nature Positive","image":{"id":"image_villars-institute/banner/theme-nature-based-solutions_image__theme-nature-based-solutions","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668989838/villars-institute/banner/theme-nature-based-solutions_image__theme-nature-based-solutions.jpg","url2x":null,"thumbnails":{"id":"thumbnails-file_villars-institute/banner/theme-nature-based-solutions_image__theme-nature-based-solutions","bubbleMedium":{"id":"thumbnails-bubble-medium-file_villars-institute/banner/theme-nature-based-solutions_image__theme-nature-based-solutions","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_96/v1668989838/villars-institute/banner/theme-nature-based-solutions_image__theme-nature-based-solutions.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_192/v1668989838/villars-institute/banner/theme-nature-based-solutions_image__theme-nature-based-solutions.jpg"}}}},"backgroundImage":{"id":"684a3ee9681a755d2aebd494","image":{"id":"image_villars-institute/image-asset/nature-positive-background_image__nature_positive_y59gga","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1749696218/villars-institute/image-asset/nature-positive-background_image__nature_positive_y59gga.webp","url2x":null}}},"color":{"id":"65d5479fd5bcca2bcbc9db4a","name":"Bottle Green","value":"#4A7D49"},"typeLabel":"New View","intro":{"plain":"","text":""},"intro_fr":{"plain":"","text":""},"outro":{"text":""},"outro_fr":{"text":""},"videos":[],"imageAssets":[],"organisations":[],"challenges":[{"id":"65d54797d5bcca2bcbc9d99d","name":"Nature Positive","slug":"nature-positive","typeLabel":"Theme","badge":null,"path":"/themes/nature-positive","updated":"2026-02-10T10:54:45.03","__typename":"Platform_Challenge","_schema":{"label":"Theme","pluralLabel":"Themes"},"icon":{"id":"684a2dda2dd10058219bebd6","name":"Nature Positive","component":"NaturePositiveIcon"},"color":{"id":"65d5479fd5bcca2bcbc9db4a","name":"Bottle Green","value":"#4A7D49"},"advertisements":[]}],"authors":[{"id":"67cb162335b355aa60d8988e","name":"Laura Bürli","slug":"laura-burli","role":{"id":"rol_m02v21Sk7a2hKGj7","name":"Fellow"},"isMember":true,"bio":{"id":"67cb162335b355aa60d8988e_bio","text":"My name is Laura, and I am a student at the International School of Berne, Switzerland. I am looking to study Geography at university in the coming Autumn, after I finish my IB studies. I have lived in Myanmar and Cambodia, and I am currently living in Switzerland. Living abroad and being involved with the international community has influenced my perspectives and opened me to global issues outside of where I come from and where I live. \n\nMy passion for fostering sustainability began with my involvement in the Environmental and Sustainability Committees at my schools in Myanmar and Cambodia. I have always had a deep appreciation for the environment, especially in the face of the global climate crisis we face today. Being a part of these committees has allowed me to learn more about how to bring change toward a greener future, even if it has had a more local impact. Through the support and ideas of the Villars Symposium at the beginning of my Villars Fellowship, I have worked with fellow students to bring such an Environmental Committee to my current school in Berne as well. I find that such committees are crucial for fostering engagement in climate and environment matters, engaging the youth through the school community. \n\nCurrently, I am particularly interested in the connections between the arts and culture, and environmental protection and appreciation. Specifically, how embedding the values of nature protection can lead to long-term sustainability and a nature-positive approach. This is all in the realm of making interdisciplinary connections, which I am curious to explore in my studies to move towards more effective, real-life solutions.","html":"<p>My name is Laura, and I am a student at the International School of Berne, Switzerland. I am looking to study Geography at university in the coming Autumn, after I finish my IB studies. I have lived in Myanmar and Cambodia, and I am currently living in Switzerland. Living abroad and being involved with the international community has influenced my perspectives and opened me to global issues outside of where I come from and where I live. </p>\n<p>My passion for fostering sustainability began with my involvement in the Environmental and Sustainability Committees at my schools in Myanmar and Cambodia. I have always had a deep appreciation for the environment, especially in the face of the global climate crisis we face today. Being a part of these committees has allowed me to learn more about how to bring change toward a greener future, even if it has had a more local impact. Through the support and ideas of the Villars Symposium at the beginning of my Villars Fellowship, I have worked with fellow students to bring such an Environmental Committee to my current school in Berne as well. I find that such committees are crucial for fostering engagement in climate and environment matters, engaging the youth through the school community. </p>\n<p>Currently, I am particularly interested in the connections between the arts and culture, and environmental protection and appreciation. Specifically, how embedding the values of nature protection can lead to long-term sustainability and a nature-positive approach. This is all in the realm of making interdisciplinary connections, which I am curious to explore in my studies to move towards more effective, real-life solutions.</p>\n"},"organisation":{"id":"65d547d5d5bcca2bcbc9e018","name":"International School of Berne"},"linkedin":null,"photo":{"id":"image_villars-institute/person/laura-burli_photo__Profile_Photo_ufqvhp","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1745845542/villars-institute/person/laura-burli_photo__Profile_Photo_ufqvhp.jpg","url2x":null},"positions":[{"id":"67cb15fe35b355aa60d8984e","primary":null,"positions":[{"id":"65d54818d5bcca2bcbc9f2ce","name":"Student","name_fr":null}],"organisation":{"id":"65d547d5d5bcca2bcbc9e018","name":"International School of Berne"}},{"id":"69a698152667338e6fe5b69b","primary":null,"positions":[{"id":"65d54818d5bcca2bcbc9f1b3","name":"Fellow","name_fr":null}],"organisation":{"id":"65d547d5d5bcca2bcbc9e158","name":"Villars Institute"}}]},{"id":"68011221d1dd045cb4ae18db","name":"Sarah Braun","slug":"sarah-braun","role":{"id":"rol_m02v21Sk7a2hKGj7","name":"Fellow"},"isMember":true,"bio":{"id":"68011221d1dd045cb4ae18db_bio","text":"Hello everyone!\nI am currently attending a high school preparing for university, and my focus is on economics and law. Since September 2024, I have had the opportunity to attend lectures in philosophy and law at University of Basel alongside my school studies.\nI have been playing tennis for over ten years, and in my free time, I love doing creative things such as sewing, drawing, and painting\n– Sarah\n","html":"<p>Hello everyone!\nI am currently attending a high school preparing for university, and my focus is on economics and law. Since September 2024, I have had the opportunity to attend lectures in philosophy and law at University of Basel alongside my school studies.\nI have been playing tennis for over ten years, and in my free time, I love doing creative things such as sewing, drawing, and painting\n– Sarah</p>\n"},"organisation":{"id":"65d547d5d5bcca2bcbc9dfec","name":"Gymnasium  Münchenstein"},"linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-braun-355309361/","photo":{"id":"image_villars-institute/person/sarah-braun_photo__e70d4fc6-0852-4d7e-84f9-ba2f602ac632_h7ogsb","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1747493815/villars-institute/person/sarah-braun_photo__e70d4fc6-0852-4d7e-84f9-ba2f602ac632_h7ogsb.jpg","url2x":null},"positions":[{"id":"6801121fd1dd045cb4ae18d5","primary":null,"positions":[{"id":"65d54818d5bcca2bcbc9f2ce","name":"Student","name_fr":null}],"organisation":{"id":"65d547d5d5bcca2bcbc9dfec","name":"Gymnasium  Münchenstein"}},{"id":"699eb1aa6e8acca8211678a6","primary":null,"positions":[{"id":"65d54818d5bcca2bcbc9f1b3","name":"Fellow","name_fr":null}],"organisation":{"id":"65d547d5d5bcca2bcbc9e158","name":"Villars Institute"}}]}],"people":[],"embeds":{"citations":[],"advertisements":[],"pages":[],"people":[],"imageAssets":[]},"banner":{"id":"6a3a8795d246782032b7bfc3","name":"x","slug":"x","title":null,"description":{"text":""},"alternateText":null,"image":{"id":"image_villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1782220679/villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s.png","url2x":null,"width":3840,"height":2160,"thumbnails":{"id":"thumbnails-file_villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s","mainBanner":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_1440/v1782220679/villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_2880/v1782220679/villars-institute/banner/x_image__55157697951_687b4997da_o_pqqp0s.png"}}}}}}},"pageContext":{"lang":{"id":"en","path":"","iso":"en","name":"English","label":"English"},"availableEntities":["Challenge","Page","Post","Reflection","Video","Podcast","Event"],"detailEntities":["Challenge","Page","Post","Reflection","Video"],"site":{"id":"683e8bff7c32c7910387b3d5","slug":"villars-review","name":"Villars Review","url":"https://villarsreview.org","title":null,"twitter":"https://twitter.com/VillarsIdeas","threads":null,"facebook":"https://www.facebook.com/villarsinstitute","linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-villars-institute/","instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/villarsinstitute/","flickr":"https://www.flickr.com/people/195926075@N05/","tiktok":"https://www.tiktok.com/@villarsinstitute","youtube":null,"ownerName":"Villars Institute","recaptchaKey":"6Lc7c1crAAAAADUXSkkV_0zMMbEZ2qQMtw2gMAVM","googleSiteVerification":"GqkDXBfnLuGbzO9gmQM8_4BpSOVP4ZPITWqdFJibuww","platformName":"The Villars Institute Community Platform","platformUrl":"https://community.villarsinstitute.org","supportEmail":null,"contactEmail":null,"mainMenu":{"id":"6840fbbed6341c85fc259cdf","slug":"villars-review-navigation"},"linearMenu":null,"entityViews":[],"entityAppViews":[],"entityOnboardingViews":[],"gptLanguages":[],"gptQuestionTemplate":null,"advertisements":[{"id":"69776bc1105434dad4b0778e","name":"Global Learning Conference 2026 in Africa","slug":"global-learning-conference-2026-in-africa","url":"https://villarsinstitute.odoo.com/survey/2fccfe2d-c1af-4543-ba15-177fad8d41c7/4d411a4e-5a1c-42aa-869b-13e1eb26d5b5","__typename":"Platform_Advertisement","description":{"id":"69776bc1105434dad4b0778e_description","text":"The Global Learning Conference in Africa convenes leading educators, thought leaders, policy and decision makers, entrepreneurs and multi-generational learners to address these systemic issues, to reshape the future of learning, and to drive impact at scale. 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